How Many Horses are in the Terracotta Army?
The Terracotta Army is one of the most iconic archaeological discoveries of all time. Located in Xi'an, China, the army is made up of thousands of life-sized terracotta figures that were buried with Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China, in the 3rd century BC. The figures were intended to protect the emperor in the afterlife.
The Composition of the Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army is a vast and varied collection of figures, each meticulously crafted to represent different roles and ranks within the Qin army. While the warriors are the most famous component, the army also includes:
- Warriors: The warriors are the most numerous figures in the Terracotta Army, with estimates reaching over 8,000. They are arranged in battle formation and represent the different branches of the Qin army, including infantry, archers, and charioteers. Each warrior is unique, with individualized features, hairstyles, and armor.
- Chariots: Over 130 chariots have been unearthed from the pits, each elaborately decorated and accompanied by horses. The chariots were essential for warfare during the Qin dynasty, providing a mobile platform for archers and commanders. The presence of chariots in the Terracotta Army highlights their importance in Qin military strategy.
- Horses: The horses are a crucial part of the Terracotta Army, reflecting the significance of cavalry and chariot warfare in ancient China. There are two main types of horses:
- Chariot Horses: These horses, numbering around 520, are depicted in teams of four, harnessed to the chariots. They are typically smaller and stockier than the cavalry horses, bred for strength and endurance.
- Cavalry Horses: Approximately 150 cavalry horses stand alongside the warriors, representing the mounted troops of the Qin army. These horses are larger and more powerful than their chariot counterparts, bred for speed and agility.
Estimating the Number of Horses
While excavation and research are ongoing, the current estimates for the number of horses in the Terracotta Army stand at:
- 520 chariot horses
- 150 cavalry horses
This brings the total estimated number of horses to 670.
Preservation and Ongoing Discoveries
The majority of the Terracotta Army, including the horses, remains buried in the pits near Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum. Archaeologists continue to excavate and study the site, uncovering new figures and gaining a deeper understanding of the army's construction and significance. The ongoing work also focuses on preserving the fragile terracotta figures, ensuring their protection for future generations.
FAQs
How many horses are buried with the Terracotta Army?
Current estimates suggest there are approximately 670 horses buried with the Terracotta Army.
What kind of horses are in the Terracotta Army?
There are two types of horses: chariot horses (about 520) and cavalry horses (around 150).
Why are there horses in the Terracotta Army?
Horses were essential for warfare during the Qin dynasty, used for both chariots and cavalry, and their inclusion in the Terracotta Army reflects their importance to the army's strength and mobility.